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GENE THERAPY FOR ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION (Dec.1, 2006 - Bronx, N.Y.)
When Viagra was first introduced to the marketplace in 1998, people marveled at this major scientific breakthrough.Men, who had for years struggled with impotence, could now swallow a pill, and within a short period of time achieve an erection.
It seemed as if a miracle cure had been found.
But as the late entertainer Jimmy Durante used to say, "You ain't seen nuttin' yet!"
The latest scientific advances regarding gene therapy for erectile dysfunction are so amazing, they seem to come from the latest Steven Spielberg science fiction flick.
The first human trial of gene transfer therapy for erectile
dysfunction (ED) indicates that gene therapy that lasts for months and eliminates the patient’s need for on-demand drugs (such as Viagra and Cialis), could become the future treatment of choice for this common problem, according to a paper in the most recent issue of Human Gene Therapy.
Lead author Arnold Melman, M.D., professor and chair of the Department of Urology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University and Montefiore Medical Center, says,
“This is an exciting field of research because current
treatments for men with erectile dysfunction, whether pills or minimally invasive therapies, must be used ‘on demand’,
thereby reducing the spontaneity of the sexual act.”
Erectile dysfunction affects more than 50 percent of men aged 40 to 70 and 70 percent above age 70, according to the Massachusetts Male Aging Study.
Dr. Melman and two study centers worked with 11 men and administered, by means of a single injection directly into the penis, various doses of a transfer gene called hMaxi-K.
“While this phase 1 safety trial was not designed to provide efficacy answers, one patient in each of the higher dose groups (5000 and 7500 micrograms) reported clinically significant and sustained improvements in ED. And, there have been no adverse effects with the patients in the study, so gene therapy for erectile dysfunction has been proven to be safe,” he adds.
Because there has been widely publicized adverse results using viruses as agents to transfer genes into humans, Dr. Melman has chosen to transfer the hMaxi-K gene using “naked DNA,” a form of circular DNA which remains independent and does not integrate with chromosomal DNA in the muscle cells.
“The hMaxi-K stimulates potassium ion transfer in the smooth muscle cells of the penis,” says Dr. Melman. The hMaxi-K gene works by creating additional potassium channels (the chemical symbol for potassium is ‘K’) in the smooth muscle cell of the penis.
This relaxes the muscle and allows blood flow required for an erection.
“Because this novel therapeutic approach of ion channel therapy works on smooth muscle, it is also promising for overactive bladder disease,” adds Dr. Melman.
Dr. Melman, with George Christ, PhD, developed the process for ion channel therapy at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, which owns the patents.
Montefiore is the academic medical center for Einstein. Einstein has granted licensing rights for the patent to a company called Ion Channel Innovations, which was founded by Dr. Melman, and under whose sponsorship the clinical trials of gene therapy for erectile dysfunction are being conducted. The two study centers in the trials were Mount Sinai Medical Center and NYU Medical Center.
Patients who received the two highest doses of
hMaxi-K gene therapy for erectile dysfunction demonstrated clinically significant improvement, that lasted throughout the
24-week study period. The authors emphasized, however, that
secondary efficacy outcomes must be confirmed in additional,
placebo-controlled studies.
“The rationale for gene replacement for treatment of ED was based on many years of basic research studying the role of K channels in erectile dysfunction,” says James M. Wilson, M.D., Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief, and Head of the Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, in Philadelphia.
Despite the promising clinical findings, “One needs to be very cautious about speculation regarding the potential of this approach for treating ED.”
